在經濟全球(qiu)化(hua)(hua)日益激烈的(de)(de)(de)(de)如今，商(shang)(shang)業(ye)競(jing)爭已(yi)經逐漸從(cong)公(gong)(gong)司與(yu)公(gong)(gong)司之間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)競(jing)爭轉向(xiang)了(le)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)與(yu)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)之間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)競(jing)爭，供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)管理的(de)(de)(de)(de)智能化(hua)(hua)水(shui)平(ping)和(he)自(zi)動(dong)化(hua)(hua)效(xiao)率已(yi)經成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)獲得商(shang)(shang)業(ye)成(cheng)(cheng)功的(de)(de)(de)(de)決定性(xing)因(yin)素之一。采購把東西買(mai)進來(lai)，生產運(yun)(yun)營(ying)來(lai)增值，物(wu)(wu)流配送遞(di)交給客戶(hu)計劃(hua)作(zuo)為(wei)關鍵(jian)職能，指導(dao)采購、運(yun)(yun)營(ying)和(he)物(wu)(wu)流等(deng)，形成(cheng)(cheng)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)，計劃(hua)是供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)驅(qu)動(dong)器——績效(xiao)貌(mao)似(si)執行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)結(jie)果，其實(shi)是計劃(hua)出來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)由來(lai)；從(cong)產業(ye)層面(mian)看(kan)，供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)是商(shang)(shang)品(pin)社會運(yun)(yun)轉的(de)(de)(de)(de)本質結(jie)構和(he)基礎設施，近年(nian)來(lai)伴(ban)隨日益普及(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)經濟全球(qiu)化(hua)(hua)以及(ji)國家戰(zhan)略層面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)(gong)給側(ce)變革，供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)管理呈現明顯而(er)迫(po)切的(de)(de)(de)(de)智能化(hua)(hua)趨勢。供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)管理需要考慮供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)合(he)作(zuo)伙伴(ban)關系(xi)，如建立長(chang)期合(he)作(zuo)關系(xi)、共同發展等(deng)，提高(gao)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)合(he)作(zuo)伙伴(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)忠誠度。深(shen)圳服裝供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)體系(xi)

什么是供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)？從(cong)概念上來講，供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)是圍(wei)繞關鍵企業，通過(guo)對信息流(liu)(liu)、物流(liu)(liu)、資金流(liu)(liu)的(de)控制，從(cong)采購原材(cai)料(liao)開始到制成(cheng)(cheng)中間產品(pin)(pin)(pin)及(ji)產品(pin)(pin)(pin)、由銷(xiao)售網(wang)絡把產品(pin)(pin)(pin)送到消費者手中的(de)一(yi)個由供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)商(shang)、制造商(shang)、分銷(xiao)商(shang)（零售商(shang)，批發商(shang)等(deng)）直到用戶(hu)所(suo)連成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)整(zheng)體功(gong)能網(wang)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)結構。供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)管理(li)是對整(zheng)個供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)系統進行(xing)計劃、協調、操作(zuo)、控制和(he)(he)優化的(de)各(ge)種(zhong)活動和(he)(he)過(guo)程(cheng)，目的(de)是為了(le)賺取利潤。整(zheng)個鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)條(tiao)想要達成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)目標，總結起來就是6個R：把顧(gu)客所(suo)需(xu)的(de)正確(que)(que)產品(pin)(pin)(pin)（RightProduct），在正確(que)(que)的(de)時間（RightTime），按照正確(que)(que)的(de)數(shu)量（RightQuantity），正確(que)(que)的(de)質量（RightQuality），正確(que)(que)的(de)狀(zhuang)態（RightStatus），送到正確(que)(que)的(de)地(di)點（RightPlace）。潮州一(yi)站式供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)管理(li)公司流(liu)(liu)程(cheng)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)管理(li)需(xu)要考慮(lv)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)安(an)全，如(ru)保障(zhang)產品(pin)(pin)(pin)質量、防范惡意攻擊等(deng)，保障(zhang)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)安(an)全性(xing)和(he)(he)穩(wen)定性(xing)。

早期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)觀點認(ren)為(wei)供(gong)(gong)應鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)是(shi)指將采(cai)購的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原材(cai)料(liao)和收(shou)到的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)零部件(jian)，通過(guo)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)轉換和銷(xiao)售(shou)等(deng)活動(dong)(dong)傳遞到用(yong)戶(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一個(ge)過(guo)程(cheng)。因(yin)此，供(gong)(gong)應鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)被(bei)(bei)視為(wei)企業(ye)內部的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一個(ge)物流過(guo)程(cheng)，它所涉(she)及的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要是(shi)物料(liao)采(cai)購、庫存、生產(chan)(chan)(chan)和分銷(xiao)諸部門的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)職能協調問題，目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)為(wei)了(le)優化企業(ye)內部的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)業(ye)務流程(cheng)、降低(di)物流成(cheng)本，從而提高(gao)經營效率(lv)。進(jin)入20世(shi)紀(ji)90年代，人們對(dui)供(gong)(gong)應鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)解(jie)又發生了(le)新的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)化：首(shou)先，由于需求環境的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)化，原來被(bei)(bei)排(pai)斥在(zai)供(gong)(gong)應鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)之外的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)戶(hu)、消費(fei)者的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地位得(de)到了(le)前所未有的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重視，從而被(bei)(bei)納(na)入了(le)供(gong)(gong)應鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)范圍(wei)。這樣，供(gong)(gong)應鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)就不再只是(shi)一條生產(chan)(chan)(chan)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)了(le)，而是(shi)一個(ge)涵蓋(gai)了(le)整個(ge)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品運動(dong)(dong)過(guo)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)增(zeng)值(zhi)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)。

供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)管(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)概(gai)念：1-企業通過對(dui)產(chan)品(pin)流(liu)(liu)(liu)、信(xin)息(xi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)、物(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)和資金流(liu)(liu)(liu)的(de)控制2-從采購(gou)原材料(liao)開(kai)始，制成(cheng)中(zhong)間產(chan)品(pin)及(ji)終(zhong)產(chan)品(pin)，由銷售網絡(luo)把產(chan)品(pin)送(song)到(dao)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)者手中(zhong)。3-它將供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)商(shang)(shang)(shang)、制造(zao)商(shang)(shang)(shang)、分銷商(shang)(shang)(shang)、零(ling)售商(shang)(shang)(shang)，直到(dao)終(zhong)端消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)者，連成(cheng)一(yi)個整(zheng)體的(de)功(gong)能網鏈(lian)。4-是對(dui)從供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)商(shang)(shang)(shang)到(dao)客戶的(de)產(chan)品(pin)流(liu)(liu)(liu)、信(xin)息(xi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)、資金流(liu)(liu)(liu)和物(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)的(de)集成(cheng)管(guan)理(li)(li)，以達(da)到(dao)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)價值(zhi)的(de)大化。一(yi)條完整(zheng)的(de)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)應(ying)(ying)(ying)包(bao)括：供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)商(shang)(shang)(shang)、制造(zao)商(shang)(shang)(shang)、分銷商(shang)(shang)(shang)、零(ling)售商(shang)(shang)(shang)，以及(ji)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)者。從比(bi)較(jiao)正式(shi)的(de)角度看，作為物(wu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)、商(shang)(shang)(shang)流(liu)(liu)(liu)、信(xin)息(xi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)、資金流(liu)(liu)(liu)的(de)關鍵控制，供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)管(guan)理(li)(li)貫穿現代企業的(de)每一(yi)個環節。從采購(gou)原材料(liao)開(kai)始、到(dao)制成(cheng)中(zhong)間產(chan)品(pin)、部署銷售網絡(luo)、以及(ji)把產(chan)品(pin)送(song)到(dao)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)者手中(zhong)的(de)整(zheng)個流(liu)(liu)(liu)程，同時構造(zao)出供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)商(shang)(shang)(shang)、制造(zao)商(shang)(shang)(shang)、分銷商(shang)(shang)(shang)、零(ling)售商(shang)(shang)(shang)直到(dao)終(zhong)用戶的(de)整(zheng)體功(gong)能網鏈(lian)結構。供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)管(guan)理(li)(li)需要考慮供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)人才培養，如培養供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)管(guan)理(li)(li)人才、提(ti)高供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)員工素(su)質等，提(ti)高供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)管(guan)理(li)(li)水平。

供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)設計的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)則(ze)：自頂向(xiang)下和(he)(he)(he)自底(di)向(xiang)上(shang)相(xiang)結合(he)(he)；簡潔性(xing)原(yuan)則(ze)；集優(you)性(xing)原(yuan)則(ze)；協調(diao)性(xing)原(yuan)則(ze)；動態性(xing)原(yuan)則(ze)；創(chuang)新性(xing)原(yuan)則(ze)；戰略性(xing)原(yuan)則(ze)。供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)伙(huo)伴關(guan)系的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)定義：一(yi)般是(shi)指供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)內部兩個(ge)(ge)或兩個(ge)(ge)以(yi)上(shang)，單獨的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)員之間(jian)(jian)(jian)形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)種(zhong)協調(diao)關(guan)系，以(yi)保證實現某(mou)個(ge)(ge)特定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目(mu)(mu)標(biao)或效(xiao)益(yi)。相(xiang)比傳統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)商(shang)關(guan)系，供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)伙(huo)伴關(guan)系更(geng)(geng)加強(qiang)(qiang)調(diao)直接、長期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)，強(qiang)(qiang)調(diao)共(gong)(gong)(gong)同努力實現共(gong)(gong)(gong)有的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)計劃(hua)(hua)和(he)(he)(he)解決(jue)共(gong)(gong)(gong)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問題，強(qiang)(qiang)調(diao)相(xiang)互之間(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信任與(yu)合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)。作(zuo)(zuo)用：降(jiang)低供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)總成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)，降(jiang)低供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)庫存水(shui)平，提(ti)升信息共(gong)(gong)(gong)享水(shui)平，改(gai)(gai)善(shan)相(xiang)互之間(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交流，保持戰略伙(huo)伴之間(jian)(jian)(jian)在運(yun)作(zuo)(zuo)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)致性(xing)，從而使供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)產生(sheng)更(geng)(geng)大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)競爭優(you)勢，以(yi)實現供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)企業(ye)在財務狀(zhuang)況、質量、產量、交貨期、用戶(hu)滿(man)意(yi)度(du)和(he)(he)(he)業(ye)績等方面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)改(gai)(gai)善(shan)和(he)(he)(he)提(ti)高。意(yi)義：對(dui)于制造商(shang)而言，可以(yi)降(jiang)低合(he)(he)同成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)，實現數量折扣及(ji)穩定、有競爭力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)價格；提(ti)高產品質量和(he)(he)(he)降(jiang)低庫存水(shui)平；改(gai)(gai)善(shan)時間(jian)(jian)(jian)管理；縮短交貨提(ti)前(qian)期和(he)(he)(he)提(ti)高可靠性(xing)；提(ti)高面向(xiang)工藝(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)企業(ye)規劃(hua)(hua)；更(geng)(geng)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產品設計和(he)(he)(he)更(geng)(geng)快(kuai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)對(dui)產品變化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反(fan)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)速度(du)；強(qiang)(qiang)化數據(ju)信息的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)獲取和(he)(he)(he)管理控(kong)制。對(dui)于供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)商(shang)，保證穩定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)客戶(hu)，實現共(gong)(gong)(gong)同期望和(he)(he)(he)目(mu)(mu)標(biao)；共(gong)(gong)(gong)擔(dan)風險和(he)(he)(he)共(gong)(gong)(gong)享利益(yi)。共(gong)(gong)(gong)同參與(yu)產品和(he)(he)(he)工藝(yi)發展，實現相(xiang)互之間(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工藝(yi)、技(ji)術(shu)和(he)(he)(he)物(wu)理集成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)管理需要進行財務管理，以(yi)實現財務控(kong)制和(he)(he)(he)風險管理。供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)管理流程

供(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)管(guan)理需(xu)要考慮供(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)質量(liang)管(guan)理，如建立質量(liang)管(guan)理體(ti)系、提高產品質量(liang)等，提高供(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)質量(liang)管(guan)理水平和效率(lv)。深圳服裝供(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)體(ti)系

當供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)各節(jie)點企業只根據(ju)來(lai)自相鄰(lin)的(de)(de)下游企業（一(yi)般稱為(wei)顧客和買方(fang)）的(de)(de)需(xu)(xu)求信息(xi)(xi)做出生產(chan)和供(gong)(gong)給(gei)決(jue)策(ce)時(shi)，需(xu)(xu)求信息(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)不(bu)真(zhen)實性(xing)會沿著供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)逆流而上，使訂(ding)(ding)貨(huo)(huo)量逐(zhu)級放大(da)(da)(da)，到達(da)源頭供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)商(shang)時(shi)，其(qi)獲(huo)得的(de)(de)需(xu)(xu)求信息(xi)(xi)和市場上的(de)(de)實際顧客需(xu)(xu)求信息(xi)(xi)發(fa)生了(le)(le)很大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)偏差，需(xu)(xu)求信息(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)扭曲將實際需(xu)(xu)求量放大(da)(da)(da)。原因：1、需(xu)(xu)求預(yu)測修(xiu)正：指供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)成員(yuan)采用(yong)其(qi)直接的(de)(de)下游訂(ding)(ding)貨(huo)(huo)數據(ju)作為(wei)市場需(xu)(xu)求信號時(shi)，即需(xu)(xu)求放大(da)(da)(da)；2、訂(ding)(ding)貨(huo)(huo)批量決(jue)策(ce)：指周期性(xing)訂(ding)(ding)貨(huo)(huo)決(jue)策(ce)或者訂(ding)(ding)單推動(dong)；3、價(jia)格波動(dong)：反映了(le)(le)一(yi)種商(shang)業行為(wei)，它是由于一(yi)些促銷手段造(zao)成的(de)(de)，如價(jia)格折(zhe)扣(kou)、數量折(zhe)扣(kou)、贈票等；4、短(duan)缺博弈(yi)：是一(yi)種現象(xiang)，當需(xu)(xu)求大(da)(da)(da)于供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)時(shi)，理性(xing)的(de)(de)決(jue)策(ce)是按(an)照(zhao)用(yong)戶的(de)(de)訂(ding)(ding)貨(huo)(huo)量比例分(fen)配(pei)現有(you)庫存供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)量。此時(shi)用(yong)戶就為(wei)了(le)(le)獲(huo)得更大(da)(da)(da)份(fen)額(e)的(de)(de)配(pei)給(gei)量，故意地(di)夸(kua)大(da)(da)(da)其(qi)訂(ding)(ding)貨(huo)(huo)需(xu)(xu)求，當需(xu)(xu)求降溫時(shi)，訂(ding)(ding)貨(huo)(huo)又突然消(xiao)失(shi)。方(fang)法：1.提高供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)信息(xi)(xi)共享；2.科學(xue)確(que)定(ding)定(ding)價(jia)決(jue)策(ce)；3.提高運營管(guan)理水平，縮(suo)短(duan)提前期；4.提高供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)能力(li)的(de)(de)透(tou)明度；5.建(jian)立(li)戰略性(xing)合作伙伴(ban)。深圳服裝供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)體系

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