光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)一(yi)體化(hua)應用(yong)，光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏屋頂、光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏幕墻甚至(zhi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏停(ting)車棚(peng)、電子樹、光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏護(hu)欄(lan)等。據(ju)了解，國內光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)積(ji)已經達(da)到(dao)(dao)600億平(ping)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)，其中城市建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)積(ji)超(chao)300億平(ping)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)，大概有(you)30億平(ping)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)的光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏一(yi)體化(hua)產品可供安裝。根據(ju)中信證券預測，未來每(mei)年新增建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)積(ji)將(jiang)達(da)到(dao)(dao)40億平(ping)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)以上，按照(zhao)保守估(gu)(gu)計，光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)一(yi)體化(hua)產品滲(shen)透率為2%，粗略估(gu)(gu)算(suan)其一(yi)年市場(chang)(chang)規模接近1000億元(yuan)；如果再考慮到(dao)(dao)存(cun)量建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)的改造需求(qiu)，光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)一(yi)體化(hua)總市場(chang)(chang)長期空(kong)間將(jiang)達(da)到(dao)(dao)萬億級別。一(yi)家集投資、研發、 設(she)計、建(jian)(jian)設(she)、運維(wei)于一(yi)體的光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏發電新能源企業。吉林光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏建(jian)(jian)材優缺點

建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)一(yi)體化(hua)BIPV(BuildingIntegratedPhotovoltaics)是(shi)(shi)(shi)應用(yong)太(tai)陽能(neng)發(fa)(fa)電的(de)一(yi)種(zhong)新概念：在建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)維護結(jie)構(gou)外表(biao)面(mian)結(jie)合(he)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)材(cai)料(liao)形(xing)成光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)與建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)的(de)結(jie)合(he)，光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)電提供電力。目(mu)前，在新建(jian)(jian)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)中(zhong)系(xi)統集(ji)成綠(lv)色(se)智能(neng)發(fa)(fa)電系(xi)統建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)，已(yi)成為(wei)各國(guo)的(de)共識，也(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)發(fa)(fa)展的(de)趨勢(shi)。建(jian)(jian)材(cai)型(xing)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)，讓光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)融入設計、融入建(jian)(jian)材(cai)，融入建(jian)(jian)設，成為(wei)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)基(ji)本功能(neng)的(de)一(yi)部分。根據這一(yi)設想(xiang)，建(jian)(jian)材(cai)化(hua)的(de)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)產(chan)業到底有多大呢?是(shi)(shi)(shi)個小眾市場(chang)還是(shi)(shi)(shi)未(wei)來的(de)主流市場(chang)呢?我們從現(xian)行組(zu)件組(zu)串技(ji)術應用(yong)于屋面(mian)分布式發(fa)(fa)電的(de)主要技(ji)術痛(tong)點說起(qi)。福建(jian)(jian)太(tai)陽能(neng)發(fa)(fa)電建(jian)(jian)材(cai)供應商光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)支架(jia)是(shi)(shi)(shi)支撐光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)組(zu)件的(de)“骨骼”。

基于建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)面積(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)測算表明，“十(shi)四五(wu)”末 BIPV 潛在(zai)增(zeng)量/存量市(shi)場(chang)規模或可達(da)(da)百億/千(qian) 億元級別(bie)。截(jie)至 2019 年(nian)底，國內光電(dian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)應(ying)用面積(ji)(ji)約占(zhan)(zhan)既(ji)有建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de) 1%；2020 年(nian)主(zhu)要企 業 BIPV 安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)總面積(ji)(ji)為 0.04 億㎡，約占(zhan)(zhan)竣(jun)工建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)可安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)面積(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de) 1.5%。國家能(neng)源局(ju)發布的(de)(de)(de) 《太(tai)陽能(neng)發展“十(shi)三五(wu)”規劃》提(ti)出(chu)了“到(dao) 2020 年(nian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)成 100 個分布式(shi)光伏應(ying)用示范區， 園區內 80%的(de)(de)(de)新(xin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)屋頂、50%的(de)(de)(de)已有建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)屋頂安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)光伏發電(dian)”的(de)(de)(de)目(mu)標(biao)。若保守估計， 假設“十(shi)四五(wu)”仍延續這一發展目(mu)標(biao)，以此為 BIPV 未來(lai)滲透率增(zeng)長測算依據，存量建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu) 改造比例(li)(li)(li)和新(xin)增(zeng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)比例(li)(li)(li)均(jun)按指數式(shi)增(zeng)長，預計 2021-25E 存量建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)年(nian)改造比例(li)(li)(li)為 2/4/7/13/24%，新(xin)增(zeng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)比例(li)(li)(li)為 3/7/16/36/80%。根據國家統計局(ju)發布的(de)(de)(de)數據，我國 既(ji)有建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)總面積(ji)(ji) 600 億㎡，近年(nian)年(nian)竣(jun)工面積(ji)(ji)約 40 億㎡，按建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)物(wu)平(ping)均(jun)層數 6 層，屋面可 安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)比例(li)(li)(li) 30%（考(kao)慮(lv)機房(fang)、消防等附屬設施(shi)占(zhan)(zhan)地）計算，考(kao)慮(lv) BIPV 系統價格年(nian)均(jun) 4%的(de)(de)(de) 降(jiang)幅，預計到(dao) 2025 年(nian)存量/增(zeng)量潛在(zai)市(shi)場(chang)規模可達(da)(da) 3679/815 億元。

好(hao)的(de)商業(ye)(ye)模式可(ke)平衡多(duo)方利益，多(duo)方利益交融。建(jian)設投資方更(geng)看重企(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)性：使用方面，希(xi)望企(qi)業(ye)(ye)主(zhu)不干擾(rao)電(dian)站(zhan)的(de)正常運行，以及對電(dian)站(zhan)供電(dian)具備一定(ding)(ding)的(de)控制權(quan)，防(fang)止延期付款及以貨(huo)抵債等不良(liang)情況的(de)發生(sheng)；投資方面，希(xi)望實現(xian)一體(ti)化(hua)的(de)同時(shi)，保證(zheng)電(dian)站(zhan)的(de)穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)運轉(zhuan)和建(jian)筑持續(xu)使用，獲(huo)得(de)更(geng)好(hao)收益率，以及希(xi)望企(qi)業(ye)(ye)能長期穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)運行，具有(you)可(ke)持續(xu)的(de)現(xian)金(jin)流(liu)，有(you)能力按時(shi)支付運行期間(jian)的(de)租金(jin)及費用，達(da)成良(liang)性合作(zuo)模式，以獲(huo)得(de)長期穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)的(de)收入。金(jin)貝能源BIPV 作(zuo)為當前分(fen)布式光(guang)伏發電(dian)的(de)主(zhu)流(liu)形式具有(you)更(geng)為廣闊的(de)發 展前景(jing)。

分(fen)布(bu)式(shi)(shi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)成為(wei)新增(zeng)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)裝(zhuang)機主力(li)，BIPV極(ji)具增(zeng)長潛質光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)集中(zhong)式(shi)(shi)與分(fen)布(bu)式(shi)(shi)并(bing)(bing)(bing)舉趨(qu)勢(shi)明(ming)顯，分(fen)布(bu)式(shi)(shi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)成為(wei)新增(zeng)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)裝(zhuang)機主力(li)。光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)是光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)產業鏈終端(duan)應用市場(chang)，根(gen)據電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)的裝(zhuang)機規模、和(he)用戶(hu)(hu)的距(ju)離(li)、接入(ru)(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓等級(ji)等不同可以分(fen)為(wei)集中(zhong)式(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)和(he)分(fen)布(bu)式(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)。集中(zhong)式(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)是在荒漠(mo)地區構建(jian)大(da)型光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)，充(chong)分(fen)利用荒漠(mo)地區豐富(fu)和(he)相對穩(wen)定的太陽能(neng)資源，接入(ru)(ru)高壓輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系統供給遠(yuan)距(ju)離(li)負荷。分(fen)布(bu)式(shi)(shi)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)主要(yao)基于分(fen)散建(jian)筑物表面，就(jiu)近解決用戶(hu)(hu)的用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)問(wen)題，通(tong)過并(bing)(bing)(bing)網實(shi)現(xian)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)差額(e)的補償(chang)與外送。與集中(zhong)式(shi)(shi)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)相比，分(fen)布(bu)式(shi)(shi)具有投資小、建(jian)設快、占(zhan)地面積小、盈利能(neng)力(li)強(qiang)、與用戶(hu)(hu)聯系緊密、政策(ce)支(zhi)持力(li)度大(da)等優勢(shi)。2013年(nian)(nian)(nian)以來(lai)(lai)，我國光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)并(bing)(bing)(bing)網裝(zhuang)機容量快速增(zeng)長，截至2021年(nian)(nian)(nian)底，光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)并(bing)(bing)(bing)網累(lei)計裝(zhuang)機容量突破3億千瓦大(da)關，達到3.06億千瓦，連(lian)續7年(nian)(nian)(nian)穩(wen)居全球(qiu)**。從(cong)(cong)結構來(lai)(lai)看(kan)，分(fen)布(bu)式(shi)(shi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)累(lei)計裝(zhuang)機容量占(zhan)總(zong)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)裝(zhuang)機的比例從(cong)(cong)2015年(nian)(nian)(nian)的14%提升至2021年(nian)(nian)(nian)35.1%。從(cong)(cong)每年(nian)(nian)(nian)新增(zeng)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)并(bing)(bing)(bing)網裝(zhuang)機來(lai)(lai)看(kan)，2021年(nian)(nian)(nian)分(fen)布(bu)式(shi)(shi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)新增(zeng)29GW，同比增(zeng)速87%，增(zeng)速已經遠(yuan)超集中(zhong)式(shi)(shi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)，約占(zhan)全部新增(zeng)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)機的55%，市場(chang)份額(e)持續增(zeng)加(jia)，光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)集中(zhong)式(shi)(shi)與分(fen)布(bu)式(shi)(shi)并(bing)(bing)(bing)舉的發展趨(qu)勢(shi)明(ming)顯。跟蹤(zong)支(zhi)架在總(zong)系統成本(ben)中(zhong)占(zhan)比達到12.98%，占(zhan)比次于組件(jian)成本(ben)和(he)建(jian)安費用。福建(jian)太陽能(neng)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)建(jian)材供應商

光伏是今年表現為強勢的板塊之一，也是典型的周(zhou)期成長行業(ye)。吉林光伏建材優(you)缺(que)點(dian)

BIPV應(ying)(ying)用(yong)方(fang)向(xiang)多樣(yang)，滿足用(yong)戶不(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)需求(qiu)BIPV新的(de)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)方(fang)向(xiang)不(bu)斷涌現，滿足不(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)戶、不(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)場景(jing)的(de)需求(qiu)。（1）按應(ying)(ying)用(yong)場景(jing)劃分(fen)，BIPV包(bao)括光(guang)(guang)伏屋頂、光(guang)(guang)伏幕墻、光(guang)(guang)伏采光(guang)(guang)頂、預制光(guang)(guang)伏墻和(he)光(guang)(guang)伏遮陽板，屋頂資源(yuan)是當下BIPV領域搶(qiang)占的(de)重點(dian)(dian)，尤其是結合(he)整縣推(tui)進的(de)政(zheng)策(ce)，屋頂BIPV產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)發展(zhan)(zhan)愈(yu)發快速。（2）從技(ji)術路(lu)線來看，晶(jing)硅(gui)電(dian)池產(chan)(chan)業鏈完整，生產(chan)(chan)設備(bei)已(yi)實現國產(chan)(chan)化、產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)技(ji)術自主先進、生產(chan)(chan)成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)低(di)(di)，目前(qian)(qian)在(zai)光(guang)(guang)電(dian)建(jian)筑(zhu)上(shang)(shang)占據95%的(de)市場份額，薄(bo)膜電(dian)池雖然在(zai)轉化效率等方(fang)面(mian)不(bu)及晶(jing)硅(gui)電(dian)池，但其結構(gou)簡單、透(tou)光(guang)(guang)性(xing)可調節、弱光(guang)(guang)性(xing)好、溫度系數低(di)(di)等特點(dian)(dian)使得其比(bi)晶(jing)硅(gui)更適合(he)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)在(zai)BIPV上(shang)(shang)，尤其是在(zai)建(jian)筑(zhu)立面(mian)上(shang)(shang)優勢更加明顯。（3）從產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)表現形(xing)式(shi)(shi)來看，“建(jian)材型(xing)”BIPV是一(yi)種相對(dui)理想(xiang)的(de)形(xing)式(shi)(shi)，定制化程度高、強度要(yao)求(qiu)、成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)高；“構(gou)件(jian)型(xing)”BIPV偏向(xiang)標準(zhun)化產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)，但應(ying)(ying)用(yong)場景(jing)也受限(xian)，目前(qian)(qian)主要(yao)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)在(zai)工商業廠房屋頂、防雨車棚等大面(mian)積屋頂、大型(xing)建(jian)筑(zhu)外側(ce)幕墻。綜合(he)考慮，未來BIPV產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)的(de)發展(zhan)(zhan)方(fang)向(xiang)將是既能(neng)(neng)做標準(zhun)化的(de)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)，也能(neng)(neng)做定制化的(de)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)，從而滿足不(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)戶和(he)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)場景(jing)的(de)需求(qiu)。吉林光(guang)(guang)伏建(jian)材優缺點(dian)(dian)

BIPV三大應用場(chang)景之一：工(gong)(gong)商業(ye)BIPV，浙江金貝(bei)能源科(ke)技有限公司的(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)伏建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)一體化(hua)(hua)屋(wu)(wu)頂(ding)發電系統(tong)（光(guang)(guang)伏組件(jian)屋(wu)(wu)面(mian)），開創性的(de)(de)將(jiang)光(guang)(guang)伏組件(jian)作為屋(wu)(wu)頂(ding)面(mian)層，這是一種(zhong)新型(xing)的(de)(de)屋(wu)(wu)面(mian)技術，它適用于(yu)新建(jian)(jian)、擴建(jian)(jian)和改建(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)屋(wu)(wu)面(mian)工(gong)(gong)程與民用建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)屋(wu)(wu)面(mian)工(gong)(gong)程，這是國內屋(wu)(wu)面(mian)光(guang)(guang)伏建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)一體化(hua)(hua)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)的(de)(de)先發者(zhe)。該系統(tong)的(de)(de)產品擁有著(zhu)百余項(xiang)(xiang)自(zi)主知識產權單獨技術，是多項(xiang)(xiang)浙江制造標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)、行業(ye)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)和國家標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)的(de)(de)制定者(zhe)和參與者(zhe)，截至(zhi)到目前(qian)為止累計裝機面(mian)積突破600萬方。

本(ben)文來自(zi)沈陽(yang)喜納(na)多采暖工程有限公(gong)司(si)：//zjlong.cn/Article/60e399762.html