體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)(wai)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)擊(ji)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)碎石(shi)(shi)(shi)術是通過醫學(xue)影像技術確定患(huan)者(zhe)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)內(nei)結(jie)(jie)石(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)準確位置后，將高(gao)能(neng)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)擊(ji)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)聚焦于結(jie)(jie)石(shi)(shi)(shi)處(chu)，利用沖(chong)(chong)(chong)擊(ji)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)物理效應(ying)(ying)(ying)破碎甚至粉碎結(jie)(jie)石(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)臨床技術，粉碎后的(de)(de)(de)(de)結(jie)(jie)石(shi)(shi)(shi)經尿道排出體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)(wai)從而達(da)到治L目的(de)(de)(de)(de)。由于沖(chong)(chong)(chong)擊(ji)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)特性(xing)，沖(chong)(chong)(chong)擊(ji)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)可(ke)以攜帶巨大的(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)量(liang)穿越人(ren)(ren)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，在(zai)(zai)穿越人(ren)(ren)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)時其能(neng)量(liang)很少(shao)被人(ren)(ren)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)淺(qian)表組(zu)織吸(xi)收，可(ke)直(zhi)接到達(da)人(ren)(ren)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)深部(bu)組(zu)織。結(jie)(jie)石(shi)(shi)(shi)近似為(wei)脆性(xing)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，當沖(chong)(chong)(chong)擊(ji)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)對其多次(ci)作用后，通過沖(chong)(chong)(chong)擊(ji)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)(ying)力效應(ying)(ying)(ying)、裂解效應(ying)(ying)(ying)、空化效應(ying)(ying)(ying)等機制(zhi)造(zao)成結(jie)(jie)石(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)動力學(xue)疲勞(lao)，終破碎結(jie)(jie)石(shi)(shi)(shi)。人(ren)(ren)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)組(zu)織與水(shui)介質(zhi)密度接近，沖(chong)(chong)(chong)擊(ji)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)能(neng)量(liang)比較容易(yi)導入(ru)人(ren)(ren)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，又不會過多的(de)(de)(de)(de)在(zai)(zai)人(ren)(ren)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)中(zhong)損耗，且(qie)人(ren)(ren)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)組(zu)織為(wei)彈性(xing)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，能(neng)夠(gou)承受(shou)較高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)拉伸內(nei)應(ying)(ying)(ying)力，因此(ci)對人(ren)(ren)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)組(zu)織影響小(xiao)，所以體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)(wai)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)擊(ji)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)碎石(shi)(shi)(shi)術是一種安全、高(gao)效、效果明顯的(de)(de)(de)(de)微創(chuang)結(jie)(jie)石(shi)(shi)(shi)治L技術。上海交通大學(xue)醫學(xue)院附(fu)屬第九人(ren)(ren)民醫院，體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)(wai)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)擊(ji)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)碎石(shi)(shi)(shi)機。遼寧液電式體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)外(wai)(wai)(wai)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)擊(ji)波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)碎石(shi)(shi)(shi)機

體(ti)外(wai)(wai)沖(chong)(chong)擊(ji)(ji)(ji)波(bo)碎(sui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)機(ji)就是利用(yong)單擊(ji)(ji)(ji)波(bo)在體(ti)外(wai)(wai)就能(neng)一次性將結(jie)(jie)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，不(bu)留后(hou)患(huan)！山西總隊醫(yi)院男(nan)科泌尿(niao)微(wei)創(chuang)中(zhong)心引進(jin)體(ti)外(wai)(wai)沖(chong)(chong)擊(ji)(ji)(ji)波(bo)碎(sui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)系統(tong)，效果突出(chu)，深(shen)受結(jie)(jie)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)患(huan)者(zhe)好贊。設(she)備(bei)特點定(ding)(ding)位(wei)系統(tong)快速準(zhun)確(que)(que)方(fang)便(bian)U型同(tong)軸定(ding)(ding)位(wei)，定(ding)(ding)位(wei)架可呈90度(du)(du)收放，探頭(tou)可360度(du)(du)回旋以多方(fang)向交叉精(jing)確(que)(que)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)，且(qie)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)完畢可卸下(xia)以避(bi)免碎(sui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)時沖(chong)(chong)擊(ji)(ji)(ji)波(bo)對探頭(tou)晶片的損傷(shang)。融合機(ji)械電(dian)子技(ji)(ji)術(shu)人性化(hua)設(she)計體(ti)外(wai)(wai)沖(chong)(chong)擊(ji)(ji)(ji)波(bo)碎(sui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)系統(tong)內外(wai)(wai)結(jie)(jie)構合理，造型美觀，操作界面，利于延長(chang)整機(ji)使用(yong)壽(shou)命，避(bi)免醫(yi)患(huan)雙方(fang)接(jie)觸，又可隨時觀察(cha)反應。設(she)備(bei)優(you)勢1、C臂(bei)式(shi)立柱與(yu)床(chuang)可做(zuo)高(gao)精(jing)度(du)(du)的三維(wei)運動，既有助于不(bu)同(tong)部(bu)位(wei)結(jie)(jie)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)快速、精(jing)確(que)(que)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)，又能(neng)方(fang)便(bian)對特殊部(bu)位(wei)結(jie)(jie)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。2、患(huan)者(zhe)免受X線輻射之苦，能(neng)準(zhun)確(que)(que)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)陰性結(jie)(jie)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。沖(chong)(chong)擊(ji)(ji)(ji)波(bo)源—低能(neng)、高(gao)效、安全上置(zhi)式(shi)沖(chong)(chong)擊(ji)(ji)(ji)波(bo)源，確(que)(que)保皮(pi)襄與(yu)皮(pi)膚耦合完好，防止能(neng)量折射及(ji)皮(pi)下(xia)淤血。3、高(gao)性能(neng)液電(dian)式(shi)沖(chong)(chong)擊(ji)(ji)(ji)波(bo)源和高(gao)精(jing)度(du)(du)的反射缸，深(shen)度(du)(du)可達130mm，適應不(bu)同(tong)體(ti)形患(huan)者(zhe)；4、低能(neng)量、窄脈(mo)沖(chong)(chong)，且(qie)大小(xiao)可調，適應不(bu)同(tong)成因之結(jie)(jie)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)確(que)(que)保結(jie)(jie)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)粉碎(sui)更(geng)(geng)細(xi)。其他*C型臂(bei)應用(yong)絲杠加導向桿升(sheng)降技(ji)(ji)術(shu)，快捷安全；5、內置(zhi)式(shi)儲水(shui)(shui)缸，進(jin)出(chu)水(shui)(shui)更(geng)(geng)方(fang)便(bian)，且(qie)不(bu)受停水(shui)(shui)影響。河北海德體(ti)外(wai)(wai)沖(chong)(chong)擊(ji)(ji)(ji)波(bo)碎(sui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)機(ji)體(ti)外(wai)(wai)沖(chong)(chong)擊(ji)(ji)(ji)波(bo)碎(sui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)機(ji)，特斯拉深(shen)夜道歉。

體外(wai)沖(chong)擊波(bo)碎(sui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)機(ji)是一(yi)種(zhong)利(li)用(yong)高(gao)能(neng)量沖(chong)擊波(bo)將結(jie)(jie)石(shi)(shi)(shi)粉碎(sui)的(de)(de)醫療設備(bei)。其原理(li)是將高(gao)能(neng)量沖(chong)擊波(bo)通過體外(wai)傳導的(de)(de)方式傳遞到結(jie)(jie)石(shi)(shi)(shi)部位，使結(jie)(jie)石(shi)(shi)(shi)受到沖(chong)擊波(bo)的(de)(de)作用(yong)而粉碎(sui)。該技術(shu)已經成為治(zhi)**尿路結(jie)(jie)石(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)主要(yao)手(shou)段之一(yi)。體外(wai)沖(chong)擊波(bo)碎(sui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)機(ji)的(de)(de)應用(yong)范圍非常廣(guang)，可以用(yong)于腎結(jie)(jie)石(shi)(shi)(shi)、輸尿管(guan)結(jie)(jie)石(shi)(shi)(shi)、膀胱(guang)結(jie)(jie)石(shi)(shi)(shi)等多(duo)種(zhong)尿路結(jie)(jie)石(shi)(shi)(shi)。該技術(shu)具有無創、安(an)全(quan)、有效(xiao)、恢復快等優點，是目前治(zhi)**尿路結(jie)(jie)石(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)推(tui)薦選擇的(de)(de)方法(fa)之一(yi)。然而，體外(wai)沖(chong)擊波(bo)碎(sui)石(shi)(shi)(shi)機(ji)也存(cun)在(zai)一(yi)些不足之處(chu)，如(ru)治(zhi)**過程中可能(neng)會產生疼痛、出血(xue)等并發(fa)癥(zheng)。因此，在(zai)使用(yong)該技術(shu)時，需要(yao)嚴(yan)格掌握適應癥(zheng)、操作技巧(qiao)和注意事項，以確保效(xiao)果和患者安(an)全(quan)。

沖擊(ji)波(bo)(bo)是在(zai)氣體或液體等(deng)局限性(xing)空(kong)間(jian)內突然釋(shi)放能量而產生的(de)具有聲、光、力學特征的(de)強壓(ya)力波(bo)(bo)。沖擊(ji)波(bo)(bo)的(de)基本性(xing)質是由壓(ya)力急劇(ju)變化(hua)引起的(de)不連(lian)續(xu)的(de)峰波(bo)(bo)在(zai)介質中(zhong)傳播，從(cong)而導致介質的(de)壓(ya)強、密度(du)、溫度(du)等(deng)物理(li)性(xing)質跳躍式改變，并可造成(cheng)物理(li)破壞作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用的(de)機(ji)械波(bo)(bo)。體外沖擊(ji)波(bo)(bo)碎石(shi)機(ji)是一種非侵入式的(de)治L設備，因此對人體的(de)損傷較小，治L效(xiao)果(guo)較好，在(zai)臨床上得到范圍廣的(de)應用。體外沖擊(ji)波(bo)(bo)碎石(shi)機(ji)主(zhu)要由：做功(充、放電回(hui)路，沖擊(ji)波(bo)(bo)源)、定位、電腦輔助及(ji)操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)臺(tai)及(ji)床旁操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)盤)等(deng)四(si)個系統組成(cheng)。上海第六人民醫院，體外沖擊(ji)波(bo)(bo)碎石(shi)機(ji)。

體(ti)外(wai)沖(chong)擊(ji)(ji)波(bo)(bo)碎(sui)(sui)石(shi)機(ji)是一(yi)種(zhong)常用(yong)于尿(niao)路結石(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)設備，使用(yong)時(shi)需(xu)要(yao)注意(yi)以(yi)下幾點：1.術前(qian)準備：在(zai)進行體(ti)外(wai)沖(chong)擊(ji)(ji)波(bo)(bo)碎(sui)(sui)石(shi)之前(qian)，需(xu)要(yao)進行多方面的(de)(de)(de)(de)術前(qian)準備，包括(kuo)評估患(huan)者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)病情、確定結石(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)位置和大小、了解患(huan)者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)病史等。2.術中監測(ce)(ce)：在(zai)進行體(ti)外(wai)沖(chong)擊(ji)(ji)波(bo)(bo)碎(sui)(sui)石(shi)時(shi)，需(xu)要(yao)密(mi)切監測(ce)(ce)患(huan)者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生命體(ti)征，包括(kuo)心率、血壓、呼(hu)吸等，以(yi)及監測(ce)(ce)患(huan)者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)疼(teng)痛程度和效(xiao)果(guo)。3.疼(teng)痛控制：體(ti)外(wai)沖(chong)擊(ji)(ji)波(bo)(bo)碎(sui)(sui)石(shi)可能(neng)會引起(qi)(qi)一(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)疼(teng)痛，因此需(xu)要(yao)給(gei)予患(huan)者(zhe)適(shi)當(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)鎮痛措施(shi)，以(yi)減(jian)輕(qing)患(huan)者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)適(shi)感。4.術后(hou)觀察：術后(hou)需(xu)要(yao)對患(huan)者(zhe)進行觀察，包括(kuo)觀察尿(niao)路排石(shi)情況、觀察患(huan)者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)癥狀(zhuang)變(bian)化等，以(yi)評估效(xiao)果(guo)。5.注意(yi)并(bing)發癥：體(ti)外(wai)沖(chong)擊(ji)(ji)波(bo)(bo)碎(sui)(sui)石(shi)可能(neng)會引起(qi)(qi)一(yi)些并(bing)發癥，如尿(niao)路、出血、腎功能(neng)損(sun)害等，需(xu)要(yao)密(mi)切關注患(huan)者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)病情變(bian)化，及時(shi)處理并(bing)發癥。6.術后(hou)護(hu)理：術后(hou)，需(xu)要(yao)給(gei)予患(huan)者(zhe)適(shi)當(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)術后(hou)護(hu)理，包括(kuo)飲食調理、避免劇(ju)烈運動、遵醫(yi)囑服藥(yao)等，以(yi)促進患(huan)者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)康(kang)復。醫(yi)用(yong)體(ti)外(wai)沖(chong)擊(ji)(ji)波(bo)(bo)碎(sui)(sui)石(shi)機(ji)牡丹江醫(yi)學院(yuan)。吉(ji)林體(ti)外(wai)沖(chong)擊(ji)(ji)波(bo)(bo)碎(sui)(sui)石(shi)機(ji)貼(tie)吧

上海交(jiao)通(tong)大學醫學院(yuan)附屬瑞(rui)金醫院(yuan)，體(ti)外沖(chong)擊(ji)波(bo)碎(sui)石機。遼寧液(ye)電式(shi)體(ti)外沖(chong)擊(ji)波(bo)碎(sui)石機

體(ti)外(wai)沖(chong)擊(ji)波(bo)(bo)(bo)碎(sui)石(shi)(shi)術(shu)的(de)(de)優點(dian)(dian)，在(zai)于(yu)它(ta)是(shi)真正的(de)(de)、在(zai)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)實(shi)現非侵入性的(de)(de)一種泌尿(niao)系(xi)結(jie)(jie)石(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)手段(duan)，它(ta)的(de)(de)成(cheng)功率較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)，對人體(ti)組織的(de)(de)損傷較(jiao)(jiao)少(shao)，患者易(yi)于(yu)接受，目前(qian)在(zai)臨床上已(yi)得(de)到的(de)(de)應用(yong)。目前(qian)世(shi)界上主(zhu)要的(de)(de)碎(sui)石(shi)(shi)機(ji)廠家幾乎都采用(yong)了電(dian)(dian)磁式(shi)(shi)(shi)沖(chong)擊(ji)波(bo)(bo)(bo)技術(shu)。電(dian)(dian)磁式(shi)(shi)(shi)沖(chong)擊(ji)波(bo)(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)工作原理是(shi)：脈(mo)(mo)沖(chong)電(dian)(dian)能通過(guo)平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)線(xian)(xian)圈轉化為脈(mo)(mo)沖(chong)電(dian)(dian)磁場，電(dian)(dian)磁場使與線(xian)(xian)圈平(ping)(ping)(ping)行(xing)的(de)(de)金屬(shu)膜(mo)高(gao)速震(zhen)動，產生(sheng)平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)沖(chong)擊(ji)波(bo)(bo)(bo)，沖(chong)擊(ji)波(bo)(bo)(bo)通過(guo)介質(zhi)(zhi)經過(guo)聲學透(tou)鏡聚焦(jiao)(jiao)，高(gao)度集中(zhong)在(zai)小范(fan)圍空(kong)間內（焦(jiao)(jiao)點(dian)(dian)），將(jiang)預計的(de)(de)焦(jiao)(jiao)點(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)對準結(jie)(jie)石(shi)(shi)后，發(fa)射沖(chong)擊(ji)波(bo)(bo)(bo)即可(ke)將(jiang)結(jie)(jie)石(shi)(shi)擊(ji)碎(sui)。定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)系(xi)統(tong)體(ti)外(wai)沖(chong)擊(ji)波(bo)(bo)(bo)碎(sui)石(shi)(shi)機(ji)的(de)(de)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)，是(shi)精細地找(zhao)到結(jie)(jie)石(shi)(shi)位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)，將(jiang)沖(chong)擊(ji)波(bo)(bo)(bo)焦(jiao)(jiao)點(dian)(dian)與結(jie)(jie)石(shi)(shi)重合，達到有效碎(sui)石(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)。目前(qian)碎(sui)石(shi)(shi)機(ji)均采用(yong)醫用(yong)X線(xian)(xian)、B超(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)或(huo)X線(xian)(xian)B超(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)雙(shuang)(shuang)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)進行(xing)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)。#X線(xian)(xian)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)系(xi)統(tong)優點(dian)(dian)：圖像直觀(guan)，技術(shu)易(yi)于(yu)掌(zhang)(zhang)握，定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)快速準確缺(que)點(dian)(dian)：X線(xian)(xian)有輻(fu)射損害，為減少(shao)輻(fu)射量而不能全(quan)程(cheng)(cheng)實(shi)時(shi)監控；大約5%左右的(de)(de)X線(xian)(xian)陰性結(jie)(jie)石(shi)(shi)不能顯示(shi)。#B超(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)系(xi)統(tong)優點(dian)(dian)：可(ke)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)各種性質(zhi)(zhi)結(jie)(jie)石(shi)(shi)，無輻(fu)射，可(ke)全(quan)程(cheng)(cheng)實(shi)時(shi)監控缺(que)點(dian)(dian)：準確性稍差，需要操作者掌(zhang)(zhang)握B超(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)影(ying)像技術(shu)#X線(xian)(xian)B超(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)雙(shuang)(shuang)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)系(xi)統(tong)X線(xian)(xian)B超(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)雙(shuang)(shuang)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)是(shi)把X線(xian)(xian)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)系(xi)統(tong)和B超(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)裝置(zhi)安裝在(zai)同一臺機(ji)器上，充分(fen)發(fa)揮X線(xian)(xian)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)和B超(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)優點(dian)(dian)。遼寧(ning)液電(dian)(dian)式(shi)(shi)(shi)體(ti)外(wai)沖(chong)擊(ji)波(bo)(bo)(bo)碎(sui)石(shi)(shi)機(ji)

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