商(shang)業(ye)(ye)領域，人(ren)人(ren)都(dou)在說供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)，國(guo)際商(shang)貿(mao)的(de)(de)關鍵也聚焦于(yu)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)，那么到底(di)什么是供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)呢？供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(Supplychain)是指為(wei)了提供(gong)(gong)(gong)和(he)(he)滿足關鍵企業(ye)(ye)或(huo)消(xiao)費者等(deng)使用(yong)方生產(chan)(chan)、生活所需(xu)要(yao)的(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)或(huo)服務，相關組(zu)織或(huo)個(ge)人(ren)對相應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)生產(chan)(chan)資料進(jin)行一系列包括但不限于(yu)“開采、加工、生產(chan)(chan)、集(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)、包裝(zhuang)、銷(xiao)售、運(yun)(yun)輸”等(deng)行為(wei)，完成(cheng)(cheng)將上述(shu)需(xu)要(yao)的(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)或(huo)服務成(cheng)(cheng)功交付給使用(yong)方的(de)(de)全過程以及各環(huan)節和(he)(he)節點(dian)上的(de)(de)行為(wei)主體(ti)，統(tong)稱為(wei)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)。而(er)從另外一個(ge)角度來說：供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)包含了原料供(gong)(gong)(gong)貨(huo)商(shang)、供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)商(shang)、制造商(shang)、倉儲商(shang)、運(yun)(yun)輸商(shang)、分銷(xiao)商(shang)、零(ling)售商(shang)以及終端(duan)客戶(hu)等(deng)多個(ge)主體(ti)的(de)(de)系統(tong)。供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)管理需(xu)要(yao)考慮供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)協同(tong)，如供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)商(shang)協同(tong)、客戶(hu)協同(tong)等(deng)，實現供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)各方的(de)(de)協同(tong)作(zuo)業(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)共(gong)同(tong)發展。江門物流供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)成(cheng)(cheng)本是多少

供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)是(shi)公司與(yu)其供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)商之間的(de)(de)(de)網(wang)(wang)絡，用于(yu)生產(chan)(chan)和(he)(he)(he)(he)向買家分(fen)銷(xiao)特定產(chan)(chan)品(pin)。該網(wang)(wang)絡包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)活動、人員、實體、信息和(he)(he)(he)(he)資源。供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)還將產(chan)(chan)品(pin)或服(fu)務從原始(shi)狀態提(ti)供(gong)(gong)給客戶所需(xu)的(de)(de)(de)步(bu)驟。公司開發供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)，以(yi)(yi)便降低(di)成(cheng)本(ben)并(bing)(bing)(bing)在商業環(huan)境(jing)中(zhong)保持競爭(zheng)力。而供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)是(shi)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)至(zhi)關(guan)重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)過程，因(yin)為優(you)化的(de)(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)降低(di)成(cheng)本(ben)并(bing)(bing)(bing)縮短生產(chan)(chan)周期。什么是(shi)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)？顧(gu)名(ming)思(si)義，供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)涉及管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)及其各(ge)個(ge)(ge)方面：采購原材(cai)料，制造，存儲(chu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)銷(xiao)售成(cheng)品(pin)，然后確保它們(men)到達消費者手(shou)中(zhong)。供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)必(bi)(bi)(bi)須(xu)跟(gen)蹤生產(chan)(chan)計劃，與(yu)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)商和(he)(he)(he)(he)服(fu)務提(ti)供(gong)(gong)商聯絡，并(bing)(bing)(bing)監督物流的(de)(de)(de)順利運(yun)作(zuo)。效率是(shi)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)關(guan)鍵問題(ti)，但它不(bu)是(shi)單一(yi)(yi)問題(ti)。供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)規劃和(he)(he)(he)(he)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)還關(guan)注(zhu)一(yi)(yi)致性(xing)(xing)-確保供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)各(ge)個(ge)(ge)方面以(yi)(yi)可(ke)(ke)靠的(de)(de)(de)方式運(yun)作(zuo)，以(yi)(yi)及安(an)全性(xing)(xing)（包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)網(wang)(wang)絡安(an)全）。供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)經(jing)理(li)(li)(li)還必(bi)(bi)(bi)須(xu)確保充分(fen)分(fen)配(pei)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)、需(xu)求預(yu)測、庫(ku)存管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)、倉儲(chu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)交付。供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)經(jing)理(li)(li)(li)還必(bi)(bi)(bi)須(xu)與(yu)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)商和(he)(he)(he)(he)物流公司協調他們(men)的(de)(de)(de)努力。同(tong)時，他們(men)必(bi)(bi)(bi)須(xu)對這些合作(zuo)伙(huo)伴進(jin)行嚴格的(de)(de)(de)審查，以(yi)(yi)確定他們(men)是(shi)否符合質量，安(an)全性(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)(he)(he)可(ke)(ke)靠性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)必(bi)(bi)(bi)要(yao)標(biao)準。茂名(ming)電商供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)外包(bao)(bao)公司供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)需(xu)要(yao)進(jin)行成(cheng)本(ben)控制，以(yi)(yi)提(ti)高企業盈利能力。

供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)設計(ji)的(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)則(ze)：自頂向(xiang)下(xia)和(he)(he)(he)(he)自底(di)向(xiang)上相(xiang)(xiang)結合；簡潔性原(yuan)(yuan)則(ze)；集優(you)性原(yuan)(yuan)則(ze)；協(xie)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)性原(yuan)(yuan)則(ze)；動態(tai)性原(yuan)(yuan)則(ze)；創新性原(yuan)(yuan)則(ze)；戰略性原(yuan)(yuan)則(ze)。供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)合作(zuo)(zuo)伙伴(ban)關(guan)系的(de)(de)(de)定(ding)(ding)義(yi)(yi)：一般是指供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)內(nei)部兩個(ge)或兩個(ge)以上，單獨的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)員之間(jian)(jian)形成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)一種協(xie)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)關(guan)系，以保證實(shi)現(xian)(xian)某(mou)個(ge)特(te)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)目標或效益(yi)。相(xiang)(xiang)比傳統的(de)(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)商(shang)關(guan)系，供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)合作(zuo)(zuo)伙伴(ban)關(guan)系更(geng)加強(qiang)(qiang)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)直接、長期的(de)(de)(de)合作(zuo)(zuo)，強(qiang)(qiang)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)共(gong)同(tong)努力實(shi)現(xian)(xian)共(gong)有(you)的(de)(de)(de)計(ji)劃(hua)和(he)(he)(he)(he)解(jie)決共(gong)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題，強(qiang)(qiang)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)相(xiang)(xiang)互(hu)(hu)之間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)信(xin)任與(yu)合作(zuo)(zuo)。作(zuo)(zuo)用：降低供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)總成(cheng)本，降低供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)上的(de)(de)(de)庫(ku)存水(shui)(shui)平，提(ti)升(sheng)信(xin)息共(gong)享水(shui)(shui)平，改善相(xiang)(xiang)互(hu)(hu)之間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)交流(liu)，保持戰略伙伴(ban)之間(jian)(jian)在(zai)運作(zuo)(zuo)上的(de)(de)(de)一致(zhi)性，從而(er)使供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)產(chan)(chan)生更(geng)大的(de)(de)(de)競爭優(you)勢，以實(shi)現(xian)(xian)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)上的(de)(de)(de)合作(zuo)(zuo)企業在(zai)財務狀況、質量、產(chan)(chan)量、交貨期、用戶(hu)滿意度(du)和(he)(he)(he)(he)業績等(deng)方面的(de)(de)(de)改善和(he)(he)(he)(he)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)。意義(yi)(yi)：對(dui)于制造商(shang)而(er)言，可以降低合同(tong)成(cheng)本，實(shi)現(xian)(xian)數量折扣及穩定(ding)(ding)、有(you)競爭力的(de)(de)(de)價(jia)格；提(ti)高(gao)(gao)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)質量和(he)(he)(he)(he)降低庫(ku)存水(shui)(shui)平；改善時間(jian)(jian)管理(li)；縮(suo)短交貨提(ti)前期和(he)(he)(he)(he)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)可靠性；提(ti)高(gao)(gao)面向(xiang)工藝(yi)的(de)(de)(de)企業規劃(hua)；更(geng)好的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)設計(ji)和(he)(he)(he)(he)更(geng)快的(de)(de)(de)對(dui)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)變化的(de)(de)(de)反應(ying)(ying)(ying)速(su)度(du)；強(qiang)(qiang)化數據信(xin)息的(de)(de)(de)獲取和(he)(he)(he)(he)管理(li)控制。對(dui)于供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)商(shang)，保證穩定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)客戶(hu)，實(shi)現(xian)(xian)共(gong)同(tong)期望和(he)(he)(he)(he)目標；共(gong)擔風險和(he)(he)(he)(he)共(gong)享利益(yi)。共(gong)同(tong)參與(yu)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)和(he)(he)(he)(he)工藝(yi)發展，實(shi)現(xian)(xian)相(xiang)(xiang)互(hu)(hu)之間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)工藝(yi)、技術(shu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)理(li)集成(cheng)。

根(gen)據穩(wen)(wen)定性(xing)不同(tong)劃(hua)分（1）穩(wen)(wen)定供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)：基于(yu)相(xiang)對穩(wen)(wen)定、單一的(de)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)而組(zu)成(cheng)的(de)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)穩(wen)(wen)定性(xing)較(jiao)強。（2）動(dong)態(tai)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)：基于(yu)相(xiang)對頻繁變(bian)化、復雜的(de)需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)而組(zu)成(cheng)的(de)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)動(dong)態(tai)性(xing)較(jiao)高。根(gen)據容量(liang)需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)不同(tong)劃(hua)分（1）平衡的(de)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)：一個(ge)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)具有一定的(de)、相(xiang)對穩(wen)(wen)定的(de)設備(bei)容量(liang)和生產能力(li)（所(suo)有節點企(qi)業能力(li)的(de)綜合(he)，包括供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)商、制造(zao)(zao)商、運輸(shu)商、分銷商、零售商等(deng)），但用(yong)戶(hu)需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)處(chu)于(yu)不斷變(bian)化的(de)過(guo)程中，當供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)的(de)容量(liang)能滿(man)足用(yong)戶(hu)需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)時，供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)處(chu)于(yu)平衡狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)。（2）傾斜的(de)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)：當市(shi)(shi)場(chang)變(bian)化加劇，造(zao)(zao)成(cheng)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)成(cheng)本增加、庫存增加、浪費增加等(deng)現象時，企(qi)業不是在優狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)下(xia)運作，供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)則處(chu)于(yu)傾斜狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)。供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)鏈(lian)管理需(xu)要進(jin)行(xing)質量(liang)管理，以保(bao)證產品質量(liang)和客戶(hu)滿(man)意度。

供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)的(de)(de)(de)業務環(huan)節一般有六個：1、計(ji)劃，有需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)就(jiu)有需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)計(ji)劃或者(zhe)訂單，包(bao)括(kuo)需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)物的(de)(de)(de)基本參數屬性，需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)時(shi)間、數量(liang)、交付方式、地點等(deng)(deng)因(yin)素(su)。2、采購(gou)，有需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)就(jiu)有買的(de)(de)(de)過程，即采購(gou)環(huan)節，在該環(huan)節，要解決尋找并確(que)定供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)商，確(que)定質量(liang)、價格，確(que)定交付方式、付款方式等(deng)(deng)等(deng)(deng)關(guan)鍵商務內容。3、支(zhi)付，有買賣，即有資金的(de)(de)(de)交易過程，即支(zhi)付。支(zhi)付可(ke)(ke)能(neng)在生(sheng)產前(qian)，也(ye)可(ke)(ke)以在生(sheng)產環(huan)節之后。4、生(sheng)產，包(bao)括(kuo)原材(cai)料開采、加(jia)(jia)工(gong)及再加(jia)(jia)工(gong)，包(bao)括(kuo)物理(li)組裝、也(ye)涵蓋化學融合(he)，還包(bao)括(kuo)成(cheng)品包(bao)裝環(huan)節。5、物流需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)交付，6、驗收(shou)交付不是(shi)結束，成(cheng)功(gong)交付才是(shi)完成(cheng)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)的(de)(de)(de)關(guan)鍵一環(huan)。成(cheng)功(gong)的(de)(de)(de)含義(yi)包(bao)括(kuo)了退換、維保(bao)維修(xiu)等(deng)(deng)售后環(huan)節，也(ye)包(bao)括(kuo)了使用方對需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)物的(de)(de)(de)正面評價。更包(bao)括(kuo)了供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)的(de)(de)(de)價值追求(qiu)。供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)管理(li)需(xu)(xu)要考慮供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)人才培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)，如培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)管理(li)人才、提高(gao)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)員工(gong)素(su)質等(deng)(deng)，提高(gao)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)管理(li)水平(ping)。肇慶全球供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)方案

供(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈管(guan)理(li)需要(yao)考慮供(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈風險(xian)(xian)管(guan)理(li)，如(ru)建(jian)立(li)風險(xian)(xian)管(guan)理(li)體系、制(zhi)定應(ying)(ying)(ying)急預案等(deng)，提高(gao)供(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈風險(xian)(xian)管(guan)理(li)能力。江(jiang)門物流供(gong)應(ying)(ying)(ying)鏈成本是多少

我們(men)可以把供(gong)應鏈(lian)(lian)描繪成一棵枝(zhi)(zhi)葉茂盛的(de)(de)大樹：生產企業(ye)構成樹根(gen)；單獨代理商則是(shi)(shi)主干(gan)；分銷(xiao)商是(shi)(shi)樹枝(zhi)(zhi)和樹梢；滿(man)樹的(de)(de)綠葉紅花是(shi)(shi)用戶；在(zai)根(gen)與(yu)主干(gan)、枝(zhi)(zhi)與(yu)干(gan)的(de)(de)一個(ge)(ge)個(ge)(ge)結點(dian)，蘊(yun)藏著一次次的(de)(de)流(liu)通，遍體相通的(de)(de)脈絡(luo)便是(shi)(shi)信(xin)息管(guan)理系(xi)統(tong)。供(gong)應鏈(lian)(lian)上各企業(ye)之(zhi)間的(de)(de)關(guan)系(xi)與(yu)生物學中的(de)(de)食物鏈(lian)(lian)類似。在(zai)“草—兔(tu)子(zi)—狼(lang)—獅子(zi)”這(zhe)樣(yang)一個(ge)(ge)簡單的(de)(de)食物鏈(lian)(lian)中（為便于論(lun)述(shu)，假設在(zai)這(zhe)一自然環(huan)境中只(zhi)生存(cun)這(zhe)四種(zhong)生物），如果我們(men)把兔(tu)子(zi)全部殺掉，那么草就會(hui)瘋長起來，狼(lang)也會(hui)因(yin)兔(tu)子(zi)的(de)(de)滅絕而(er)餓(e)死(si)，連厲害的(de)(de)獅子(zi)也會(hui)因(yin)狼(lang)的(de)(de)死(si)亡(wang)而(er)慢慢餓(e)死(si)。可見，食物鏈(lian)(lian)中的(de)(de)每(mei)一種(zhong)生物之(zhi)間是(shi)(shi)相互依存(cun)的(de)(de)，破(po)壞食物鏈(lian)(lian)中的(de)(de)任何一種(zhong)生物，勢必(bi)導致這(zhe)條食物鏈(lian)(lian)失去平衡(heng)，破(po)壞人類賴(lai)以生存(cun)的(de)(de)生態環(huan)境。江(jiang)門物流(liu)供(gong)應鏈(lian)(lian)成本是(shi)(shi)多少

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