標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)出(chu)爐促進應用，推廣落地(di)(di)痛點(dian)猶存標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)日臻完善(shan)(shan)(shan)，項目開展有據可(ke)依(yi)。目前，國(guo)內(nei)與(yu)BIPV相(xiang)關的(de)(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)主要(yao)(yao)包括國(guo)家、行(xing)業(ye)和(he)地(di)(di)方(fang)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)。根據標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)適用范圍不(bu)同(tong)，主要(yao)(yao)分為工程(cheng)(cheng)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)和(he)產品標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)兩類(lei)。從(cong)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)布進程(cheng)(cheng)來看(kan)，2018年以前只(zhi)有部(bu)分地(di)(di)區有地(di)(di)方(fang)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)可(ke)以參(can)考，近兩年國(guo)家標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)與(yu)行(xing)業(ye)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)逐漸豐(feng)富，體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)逐漸完善(shan)(shan)(shan)；從(cong)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)類(lei)型來看(kan)，現有的(de)(de)(de)國(guo)家/行(xing)業(ye)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)側重于建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)用光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏組(zu)件(jian)/光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏發(fa)電(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統等(deng)(deng)產品，關于工程(cheng)(cheng)設(she)計的(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)關標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)較少(shao)；從(cong)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)內(nei)容來看(kan)，光(guang)(guang)(guang)電(dian)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)中電(dian)氣、結(jie)構、保溫(wen)等(deng)(deng)內(nei)容已(yi)(yi)有覆蓋，但缺少(shao)防火等(deng)(deng)安全性能的(de)(de)(de)指標(biao)(biao)與(yu)測試方(fang)法。2020年10月，中國(guo)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏行(xing)業(ye)協會標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化技術委員會BIPV標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)工作組(zu)正(zheng)式(shi)成立，加快了針對BIPV的(de)(de)(de)國(guo)家標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)設(she)，已(yi)(yi)有《民(min)用建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏架空隔熱(re)屋頂應用技術規范》和(he)《金屬屋面光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)一體(ti)(ti)（BIPV）產品抗風揭試驗(yan)方(fang)法》兩部(bu)新規范的(de)(de)(de)起草(cao)被提上(shang)日程(cheng)(cheng)。未來將逐步(bu)形成以國(guo)家標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)為主，其他行(xing)業(ye)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)和(he)地(di)(di)方(fang)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)相(xiang)配合的(de)(de)(de)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)，為BIPV的(de)(de)(de)產品應用與(yu)工程(cheng)(cheng)設(she)計保駕護(hu)航。進一步(bu)完善(shan)(shan)(shan)公(gong)司在(zai)綠色建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu) 方(fang)面的(de)(de)(de)產業(ye)布局。上(shang)海太陽能發(fa)電(dian)建(jian)材(cai)

基(ji)于(yu)(yu)弱光(guang)(guang)(guang)性、色彩多樣性、透(tou)(tou)光(guang)(guang)(guang)率(lv)(lv)及整體經(jing)濟(ji)性，薄(bo)(bo)膜(mo)(mo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)更適用(yong)于(yu)(yu) BIPV 市場(chang)：透(tou)(tou)光(guang)(guang)(guang)率(lv)(lv)高(gao)(gao)。晶硅電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)透(tou)(tou)光(guang)(guang)(guang)率(lv)(lv)較低(di)，改善組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)件透(tou)(tou)光(guang)(guang)(guang)性只能(neng)(neng)通過(guo)降(jiang)低(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)片排(pai)布密度(du)，但(dan)需(xu)(xu)組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)件功率(lv)(lv)；薄(bo)(bo)膜(mo)(mo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)透(tou)(tou)光(guang)(guang)(guang)性更好，可根(gen)據建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)采光(guang)(guang)(guang)需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)制作(zuo)出(chu)(chu)不(bu)同透(tou)(tou)光(guang)(guang)(guang)率(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)BIPV組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)件。（5）建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)施工(gong)難度(du)與成本(ben)低(di)：屋頂(ding)(ding)自(zi)重越大(da)，屋頂(ding)(ding)支(zhi)撐結(jie)構(gou)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)越高(gao)(gao)，則建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)支(zhi)撐結(jie)構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)造難度(du)與成本(ben)也(ye)越高(gao)(gao)。薄(bo)(bo)膜(mo)(mo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)因自(zi)身工(gong)藝原因重量(liang)(liang)輕于(yu)(yu)晶硅電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，使用(yong)薄(bo)(bo)膜(mo)(mo)BIPV組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)件建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)造屋頂(ding)(ding)時施工(gong)難度(du)和成本(ben)都會下降(jiang)。此外，在建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)幕墻領域，薄(bo)(bo)膜(mo)(mo)BIPV組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)件對鋼(gang)支(zhi)撐結(jie)構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)和成本(ben)明(ming)顯低(di)于(yu)(yu)晶硅組(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)件。建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)節能(neng)(neng)標(biao)準出(chu)(chu)臺，有(you)望帶動薄(bo)(bo)膜(mo)(mo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)放量(liang)(liang)。2021年3月(yue)1日，住(zhu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)部印發《“十(shi)四(si)五(wu)”建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)節能(neng)(neng)與綠色建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)發展規劃的(de)(de)(de)通知》，要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)到(dao)2025年，全國新(xin)增建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)太陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)裝機容量(liang)(liang)50GW以上(shang)，地(di)熱能(neng)(neng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)應(ying)用(yong)面積1億平(ping)方(fang)米(mi)以上(shang)，城鎮建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)可再生能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)替代(dai)率(lv)(lv)達到(dao)8%，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)能(neng)(neng)耗中電(dian)(dian)(dian)力消費比例超過(guo)55%。建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)發展趨勢是由地(di)面到(dao)屋頂(ding)(ding)，到(dao)墻面，未(wei)來(lai)隨著新(xin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)屋頂(ding)(ding)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)面積逐漸飽(bao)和，可安裝光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)面積趨于(yu)(yu)緊(jin)缺，立面BIPV應(ying)用(yong)有(you)望快速發展，帶動薄(bo)(bo)膜(mo)(mo)需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)放量(liang)(liang)。太陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)材批(pi)發固定(ding)支(zhi)架憑借出(chu)(chu)色的(de)(de)(de)穩(wen)定(ding)性以及較低(di)的(de)(de)(de)前期(qi)投資(zi)成本(ben)，在光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)支(zhi)架市場(chang)占據較大(da)份(fen)額，是目前主(zhu)流類型。

光伏建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)是(shi)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)行業(ye)(ye)實現(xian)(xian)“雙碳(tan)”目標的(de)(de)重要路(lu)徑。2018 年(nian)(nian)我國建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)全(quan)(quan)過程能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao)總量為(wei) 21.47 億 tce，占全(quan)(quan)國能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量總耗(hao)的(de)(de) 46.5%， 建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)全(quan)(quan)過程碳(tan)排(pai)放(fang)總量為(wei) 49.3 億噸(dun)，占全(quan)(quan)國碳(tan)排(pai)放(fang)總量的(de)(de) 51.3%。基準(zhun)情景 下(xia)預計建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)部門(men)碳(tan)達(da)峰(feng)時(shi)間為(wei) 2040 年(nian)(nian)，落后(hou)于目標 10 年(nian)(nian)，到 2060 年(nian)(nian)仍將產(chan)(chan)生(sheng) 15 億噸(dun) 碳(tan)排(pai)放(fang)量，難以實現(xian)(xian)中和目標，因此節能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)減排(pai)刻不容緩。從(cong)情景分析結果來看，建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)自(zi)產(chan)(chan) 能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)是(shi)實現(xian)(xian)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)部門(men)碳(tan)排(pai)放(fang)和能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗(hao) 2030 年(nian)(nian)達(da)峰(feng)目標的(de)(de)必要條(tiao)件(jian)，提(ti)高建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)自(zi)產(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)規模是(shi)必 然趨勢(shi)，這就需要增加(jia)可再生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源的(de)(de)利用。光伏產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)近十年(nian)(nian)來技術不斷進步(bu)，成本持(chi)續下(xia) 降，為(wei)光電建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)應用打下(xia)基礎。建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)光伏一體化提(ti)供(gong)了建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)產(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)比較(jiao)好(hao)路(lu)線，成為(wei)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)實 現(xian)(xian)碳(tan)達(da)峰(feng)、碳(tan)中和的(de)(de)重要途徑。

行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)融合(he)難，建(jian)筑(zhu)與光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)互(hu)相割裂。當前(qian)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)產(chan)品(pin)大多是針對(dui)地面光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)電站的(de)要求而(er) 設(she)計生產(chan)的(de)，光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)在進行(xing) BIPV 產(chan)品(pin)研發制造時(shi)，往(wang)往(wang)是*對(dui)常(chang)規光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)產(chan)品(pin)進行(xing)建(jian)材 化、構(gou)件(jian)化的(de)改(gai)造，并未真正以一(yi)體化理念正向設(she)計；而(er)且(qie)，由于其(qi)在建(jian)筑(zhu)建(jian)材性能方面 缺(que)乏經驗，考慮不(bu)足(zu)(zu)，產(chan)品(pin)在建(jian)材層(ceng)面質量不(bu)過關，難以滿(man)足(zu)(zu)建(jian)筑(zhu)防(fang)火、防(fang)水、耐(nai)候等(deng)要 求。而(er)建(jian)筑(zhu)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)與大多數(shu)外界(jie)人士(shi)一(yi)樣，對(dui)高速增長的(de)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)缺(que)乏深(shen)刻的(de)理解，并且(qie)受(shou)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)背景(jing)差異的(de)影(ying)響，二(er)者融合(he)存(cun)在較大挑戰。光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)支(zhi)架是支(zhi)撐光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)組件(jian)的(de)“骨骼”。

建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)光伏分(fen)為增量(liang)市場、存(cun)量(liang)市場，BAPV和BIPV側(ce)重各(ge)不相(xiang)同。BAPV主要(yao)應(ying)用(yong)于(yu)存(cun)量(liang)改(gai)造：1）容易審批(pi)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)改(gai)造需(xu)要(yao)經相(xiang)關部門批(pi)準，不改(gai)變原有(you)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)可(ke)降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)審批(pi)難度(du)；2）性(xing)價比高，既有(you)屋面保養良好的情況(kuang)下，經過簡(jian)單處理即可(ke)加(jia)設(she)(she)光伏支架；3）建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)周期(qi)短，不需(xu)要(yao)拆除原有(you)屋頂，減少施(shi)(shi)工(gong)時間；4）減少對原有(you)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)的破壞(huai)，重建(jian)(jian)(jian)屋頂容易損(sun)壞(huai)部分(fen)老舊建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)，架設(she)(she)支架可(ke)以降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)變化程度(du)。BIPV更適(shi)合新(xin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)：1）便于(yu)驗收(shou)，新(xin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)需(xu)滿足(zu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)強制標準，一(yi)體化建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)便于(yu)驗收(shou)；2）投(tou)資較低(di)，BIPV一(yi)次成(cheng)型，無(wu)需(xu)后(hou)(hou)期(qi)改(gai)造；3）施(shi)(shi)工(gong)精度(du)高，新(xin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)大(da)型建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)由設(she)(she)計院統一(yi)設(she)(she)計，對建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)要(yao)求(qiu)明確，可(ke)降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)后(hou)(hou)期(qi)事故隱患；4）增大(da)光伏裝機容量(liang)，屋頂、立面均(jun)可(ke)設(she)(she)計采用(yong)BIPV，增加(jia)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)節能效果；5）設(she)(she)計一(yi)致性(xing)強，提升建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)美觀程度(du)。跟蹤支架在總系統成(cheng)本(ben)中(zhong)占比達到12.98%，占比次于(yu)組件成(cheng)本(ben)和建(jian)(jian)(jian)安費用(yong)。貴州光伏建(jian)(jian)(jian)材廠家

采用(yong)跟蹤支架的電站需(xu)要(yao)增加一定(ding)的前期(qi)投資成本(ben)，并需(xu)要(yao)承(cheng)擔一定(ding)的裝置運行風險及后期(qi)維護成本(ben)。上海太陽能發電建材

BIPV 尚處于(yu)起步(bu)階段，中(zhong)國為全(quan)球(qiu)(qiu)主要(yao)市(shi)(shi)場。由(you)于(yu)商業(ye)模式、應用方(fang)式多(duo)元(yuan)復雜， 尚未有**機(ji)構(gou)發布(bu)對(dui)全(quan)球(qiu)(qiu) BIPV 裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)規模的(de)單獨統計數據。據 IEA-PVPS 估算，目前(qian)歐 洲 BIPV 裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)量(liang)約為 200-300MW/年，全(quan)球(qiu)(qiu) BIPV 裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)量(liang)約為 1GW/年。2020 年全(quan)球(qiu)(qiu)光(guang)伏 新增裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)量(liang)約 130GW，即(ji) BIPV 在(zai)全(quan)球(qiu)(qiu)光(guang)伏市(shi)(shi)場中(zhong)所占(zhan)份額不足 1%。根據光(guang)電(dian)建(jian)筑(zhu)專委 會(hui)對(dui)主要(yao)光(guang)電(dian)建(jian)筑(zhu)產(chan)品生產(chan)企業(ye)**的(de)統計，2020年國內市(shi)(shi)場前(qian)六大企業(ye) BIPV 裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji) 總(zong)量(liang)為 709MW，占(zhan)全(quan)球(qiu)(qiu) BIPV 市(shi)(shi)場的(de) 70%左(zuo)右。金(jin)貝能(neng)源上海太陽能(neng)發電(dian)建(jian)材

BIPV三大應用(yong)(yong)場景之一：戶(hu)(hu)用(yong)(yong)BIPV，浙江金貝能源科技有(you)限公司獨有(you)的(de)專(zhuan)屬主要產品(pin)，就是戶(hu)(hu)用(yong)(yong)建材型光(guang)伏建筑(zhu)一體(ti)化發(fa)(fa)電系(xi)統，它(ta)采用(yong)(yong)了(le)構件(jian)疊瓦式的(de)屋(wu)(wu)面(mian)發(fa)(fa)電系(xi)統技術，打造出(chu)一種獨特的(de)戶(hu)(hu)用(yong)(yong)光(guang)伏屋(wu)(wu)頂(ding)。這樣的(de)產品(pin)具有(you)A級(ji)防(fang)火、色彩與建筑(zhu)高度適配、優異防(fang)水性能、高效發(fa)(fa)電能力、經濟實惠的(de)系(xi)統造價、易于安裝維護等(deng)特點。這些產品(pin)的(de)應用(yong)(yong)領域非常之寬泛，包括：新房(fang)建設(she)(she)、舊房(fang)改造、示(shi)范(fan)工程(cheng)，并且(qie)也(ye)適用(yong)(yong)于別墅(shu)、公共建筑(zhu)、新農村建設(she)(she)等(deng)。

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